Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1) ---> kadar HbA1 menunjukkan kadar gula darah selama periode beberapa bulan dan dapat digunakan untuk menilai derajat pengendalian pada Diabetes mellitus.
Nilai normal Hb untuk laki-laki adalah 13 gr% - 18 gr%, dan untuk wanita adalah 11,5 gr% - 16,5 gr% (Brooker, 2001).
Haemoglobin adalah Sebuah substansi didalam sel darah merah (erithrocyte) dan tanggung jawab masing-masing warna, terdiri dari pigmen haeme (zat besi - berisi porphyrin) terkait dengan protein globin. Haemoglobin memiliki sifat unik dapat menyatu dengan oksigen dan merupakan pengangkut oksigen ke seluruh tubuh. Haemoglobin membawa oksigen dalam aliran darah melewati paru-paru dan bersama dengan darah sampai ke jaringan tubuh. Darah biasanya mengandung 12-18 g / dl dari hemoglobin.
Myohaemoglobin : zat besi - yang mengandung protein, menyerupai hemoglobin, ditemukan dalam sel otot. Seperti hemoglobin yang berisi kumpulan haeme. Ikatan yang mengandung oksigen, bertindak sebagai reservoir oksigen di dalam serabut otot .
Oxyhaemoglobin : substansi darah merah dibentuk bila pigmen hemoglobin dalam sel darah merah menyatu kembali dengan oksigen. Oxyhaemoglobin adalah bentuk oksigen yang diangkut dari paru-paru ke sel-sel, di mana oksigen dilepaskan.
Methahaemoglobin : substansi yang dibentuk apabila atom besi dari pigmen hemoglobin darah telah mengoksidasi dari ferrous ke bentuk ferric (bandingkan oxyhaemoglobin). Methahaemoglobin yang tidak dapat mengikat oksigen molekular dan karenanya tidak dapat mentransportasi oksigen ke seluruh tubuh. Keberadaan methahaemoglobin dalam darah (methahaemoglobinaemia) mungkin akibat menelan zat oksid dari narkoba atau dari warisan keabnormalan dari molekul hemoglobin. Gejala - gejala termasuk kelelahan, sakit kepala, pusing dan cyanosis (oxford electric medical dictionary).
Referensi :
Brooker, Christine. 2001. Kamus Saku Keperawatan.EGC : Jakarta.
oxford electric medical dictionary (Indonesian Translete by Patriani)
English Version
Haemoglobin is the pigment-protein complex that contains iron. Complex is red and there is the eritrosit. A haemoglobin molecule has four haeme group which contains iron and fero four globin chains. There are several forms of haaemoglobin: type fetal (HbF) and the two main forms of adult haemoglobin (HbA1 and HbA2). Haemoglobin takes oxygen, some carbon dioxide and the pH changes. Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1) ---> HbA1 level indicates the blood sugar over a period of several months and can be used to assess the degree of control on Diabetes mellitus. Hb normal value for men is 13% gr - 18 gr%, and for women is gr 11.5% - 16.5 gr% (Brooker, 2001).
Haemoglobin is a substance contained within the red blood cell (erithrocyte) and responsible for their colour, composed of the pigment haem (an iron - containing porphyrin) linked to the protein globin. Haemoglobin has the unique property of combining reversibly with oxygen and is the medium by which oxygen is transported within the body. it take up oxygen as blood passes through the lungs and releases it as blood passes through the tissues. Blood normally contains 12-18 g/dl of haemoglobin.
Myohaemoglobin : an iron – containing protein, resembling haemoglobin, found in muscle cell. Like haemoglobin it contains a haem group. Which binds reversibly with oxygen, and so acts as an oxygen reservoir within the muscle fibres.
Oxyhaemoglobin : the bright – red substance formed when the pigment haemoglobin in red blood cell combines reversibly with oxygen. Oxyhaemoglobin is the form in which oxygen is transported from the lungs to the tissues, where the oxygen is released.
Methahaemoglobin : a substance formed when the iron atoms of the blood pigment haemoglobin have been oxidized from the ferrous to the ferric form (compare oxyhaemoglobin). The methahaemoglobin cannot bind molecular oxygen and therefore it cannot transport oxygen round the body. The presence of methahaemoglobin in the blood (methahaemoglobinaemia) may result from the ingestion of oxidizing drugs or from an inherited abnormality of the haemoglobin molecule. Symtomps include fatigue, headache, dizziness and cyanosis (oxford electric medical dictionary).
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